![]() ![]() 18, 292–296 (1950)īayliss, N.S., Hulme, L.: Solvent effects in the spectra of benzene, toluene, and chlorobenzene at 26 Å. 10, 379–384 (1961)īayliss, N.S.: The effect of the electrostatic polarization of the solvent on electronic absorption spectra in solution. Acta 21, 1835–1845 (1965)īakhshiev, N.G.: Universal molecular interactions and their effect on the position of the electronic spectra of molecules in two-component solutions. Seely, G.R., Jensen, R.G.: Effect of solvent on the spectrum of chlorophyll. Warshel, A.: Calculations of chemical processes in solutions. Kloo, L., Rosdahl, J., Svensson, P.H.: On the intra- and intermolecular bonding in polyiodides. Takashi, H., Hirofumi, Y., Tadahiro, I., Takeshi, N.: Deep blueing mechanism of triiodide ions in amylose being associated with its conformation. Robin, M.B.: Optical spectra of benzamide–triiodide ion complexes: a model of the starch–iodine complex. heat of the reaction I − 3 = I 2 + I – J. Naturwissenschaften 71, 31–36 (1984)Īwtrey, A.D., Connick, R.E.: The absorption spectra of I 2, I − 3, I –, IO − 3, S 4O − 6 and S 2O − 3. Saenger, W.: The structure of the blue starch–iodine complex. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison (1985) Shakhashiri, B.Z.: Chemical Demonstrations-Volume 2. Landolt, H.: Ueber die Zeitdauer der Reaction zwischen Jodsäure und schwefliger Säure. ![]() Madhu, S., Evans, H.A., Doan-Nguyen, V.V.T., Labram, J.G., Wu, G., Chabinyc, M.L., Seshadri, R., Wudi, F.: Infinite polyiodide chains in the pyrroloperylene-iodine complex: insights into the starch–iodine and perylene-iodine complexes. Lambert, J.L., Fina, G.T.: Iodine clock reaction mechanisms. Aqueous solution and iodine vapor preparations. ![]() Teitelbaum, R.C., Ruby, S.L., Marks, T.J.: A resonance Raman/Iodine Mossbauer investigation of the starch–iodine structure. Thoma, J.A., French, D.: The starch–iodine–iodide interaction. The interaction of cyclohexaamylose, iodine and Iodide. Thoma, J.A., French, D.: Studies on the schardinger dextrins. The insights gained from these observations can help guide modeling of the iodine–starch complex and provide benchmarks for the expected effects of different solvents on the electronic structure of the product complex. Finally, analysis of the laminar flow dynamics suggest that the complex may exist where solvent molecules have similar velocities and thus are able to form a stable solvation network and that triiodide may form slightly prior to the complex. The shifts are primarily attributed to a weakening of the solvation network around the complex rather than a decreasing polarity of the solvent and are due to interactions of the solvent with the starch portion of the complex. It is determined that the solvation network around the product complex helps to control the geometric and electronic structure of the complex and is easily perturbed by the addition of alcohol to the solution. Bathochromic shifts of the product absorbances are observed when the solvent composition is changed from water to aqueous solutions of increasing amounts of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol. UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy is used to probe the flow dynamics and study effects of the solvation environment on the iodine clock reaction under various solvent conditions. The work presented here employs 3D-printed millifluidic devices as a reaction vessel that allows for spectral acquisition on a flowing iodine clock reaction in different aqueous alcohol solvents. The iodine clock reaction and the resulting blue colored iodine–starch complex have been observed and studied for over a hundred years, but the structure of the product and mechanism by which it is formed are still not completely understood. ![]()
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